Alternative bite adjustment structures

ABSTRACT

A series of appliances including a first appliance and a second appliance. The first appliance can be configured to receive at least one tooth of a first jaw and have a first number of bite adjustment structures extending from the lingual surface of the first appliance. The first number of bite adjustment structures can have a first shape and location specific to a first stage of the treatment plan. The second appliance can be configured to receive at least one tooth of the second jaw, have a second number of bite adjustment structures extending from the second appliance and be designed to make contact with the first number of bite adjustment structures.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/171,159, filed Oct. 25, 2018, titled “ALTERNATIVE BITE ADJUSTMENT STRUCTURES,” now U.S. Pat. No. 11,534,268, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/578,134, filed Oct. 27, 2017 and titled “ALTERNATIVE BITE ADJUSTMENT STRUCTURES,” each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD

The present disclosure is related generally to the field of dental treatment. More particularly, the present disclosure is related to systems, methods, computing device readable media, and devices for providing alternative bite adjustment structures.

BACKGROUND

In some dental treatment cases, a patient may have a malocclusion, where the patient's teeth do not line up properly. One example of a malocclusion is a deep bite, which is an acute case of an overbite where the patient's lower teeth are overlapped by the upper teeth and the lower incisors may come into contact with the gingival tissue in the upper arch of the jaw. A deep bite can be an aesthetic problem and/or a problem with health consequences such as damage to the roots of the upper teeth, damage to the gingival tissue in the upper arch of the jaw, and/or wearing of the bottom teeth from frictional contact with the upper teeth, among others.

Some previous approaches to correcting a deep bite condition in a patient may have included intrusion of the anterior (e.g., incisors and/or canines) teeth and/or extrusion of the posterior teeth (e.g., premolars and/or molars). Extrusion of the posterior teeth may be facilitated by the use of bite turbos (e.g., metal blocks adhered to a back (lingual) surface of the upper anterior teeth to reduce contact between posterior teeth in an opposing jaw and allow for more eruption), anterior bite plates contacting the anterior dentition while allowing posterior eruption (e.g., in non-adult patients)). However, extrusion of posterior teeth in adult patients may lead to unstable results. Intrusion of the anterior teeth may be facilitated by anchor bend (e.g., metal anchors on the molars that are used to apply an upward force to the incisors), J-hook headgear, expansion screws, or bypass archwires that bypass premolars and/or canines to maintain reduced forces by lengthening the span between molars and incisors. Another previous approach to correcting a deep bite condition in a patient may be orthognathic surgical correction in which the jaw is surgically modified to reduce or correct the malocclusion.

These methods may be effective, but they may have to be accomplished before alignment of the teeth of the jaw can be initiated and/or cause the patient to recover from surgery prior to beginning treatment for occlusion. Additionally, in some situations, crooked or tipped teeth may not allow these types of devices to be utilized or may render them ineffective.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a first dental position adjustment appliance and a second dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a virtual model of a jaw according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model of a jaw corresponding to a first stage of treatment including a number of virtual bite adjustment structures positioned thereon according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3B illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model of a jaw corresponding to a second stage of treatment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3C illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model of a jaw corresponding to a third stage of treatment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3D illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model of a jaw corresponding to a fourth stage of treatment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a virtual model of a jaw according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 illustrates a view of a portion of a dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6A illustrates a first view of a portion of a first dental position adjustment appliance and a second dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6B illustrates second view of the portion of the first dental position adjustment appliance and the second dental position adjustment appliance illustrated in FIG. 6A according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 illustrates a view of a portion of a first dental position adjustment appliance and a second dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 illustrates a view of a portion of a first dental position adjustment appliance and a second dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 illustrates a view of a portion of a dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 illustrates a view of a portion of a dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 illustrates a view of a portion of a first dental position adjustment appliance and a second dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 illustrates a contact between a number of bite adjustment structures on a dental position adjustment appliance and a number of teeth on an opposing jaw according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13A illustrates the jaws of a patient in a first vertical relationship according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13B illustrates the jaws of a patient in a second vertical relationship according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 illustrates a correction for overbite and overjet according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 illustrates a computing system for use in a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16 illustrates a method of forming a dental appliance according to some implementations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Dental Appliances Having Alternative Bite Adjustment Structures

In contrast to some previous approaches the embodiments of the present disclosure address conditions such as deep bite by encouraging the jaws into an alternative bite configuration through use of one or more alternative bite structures. Methods, systems, and devices utilizing computer readable media to design and determine the positioning of such structure are also disclosed herein.

An example of a device embodiment utilizing an alternative bite adjustment structure includes a dental positioning appliance (e.g., aligner) including a number of bite adjustment structures positioned on one or more teeth other than the traditional incisor. For example, as described herein, the bite adjustment structures can be placed on teeth based on a number of factors that indicate that traditional positioning of a structure would be ineffective (e.g., the incisors are crooked or tipped with respect to the teeth of the opposing jaw, the distance between the proposed position of the bite adjustment structure and the teeth of the opposing jaw is too great, etc.).

Additionally, the dental positioning appliance can, in addition to providing bite adjustment functionality, be utilized to incrementally implement a treatment plan for movement of other teeth on the jaws of the patient.

In the dental industry, dental treatments may involve, for instance, restorative and/or orthodontic procedures. Restorative procedures may be designed to implant a dental prosthesis (e.g., a crown, bridge inlay, onlay, veneer, etc.) intraorally in a patient. Orthodontic procedures may include repositioning misaligned teeth and changing bite configurations for improved cosmetic appearance and/or dental function. Orthodontic repositioning can be accomplished, for example, by applying controlled forces to one or more teeth over a period of time.

As an example, orthodontic repositioning may be provided through a dental process that uses positioning appliances for realigning teeth. Such appliances may utilize a thin shell of material having resilient properties, referred to as an “aligner,” that generally conforms to a user's teeth but is slightly out of alignment with a current tooth configuration.

Placement of such an appliance over the teeth may provide controlled forces in specific locations to gradually move the teeth into a new configuration. Repetition of this process with successive appliances in progressive configurations can move the teeth through one or more intermediate arrangements to a final and/or desired arrangement.

Such systems may utilize materials that are lightweight and/or transparent to provide as a set of appliances that can be used serially such that, as the teeth move, a new appliance can be implemented to further move the teeth.

One, several, or all of a series of appliances used for the movement of other teeth on the jaws of the patient can include bite adjustment structures that are positioned (e.g., with a shape and location) that is specific to a respective stage of a treatment plan associated with each appliance. In some embodiments, the bite adjustment structures can be formed of the same material as the appliance and/or formed at the same time as the appliance.

In the following detailed description of the present disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration how a number of embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to practice the embodiments of this disclosure, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that process and/or structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Also, as used herein, “a number of” a particular thing can refer to one or more of such things (e.g., a number of bite adjustment structures can refer to one or more bite adjustment structures).

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a first dental position adjustment appliance 102-1 and second dental position adjustment appliance 102-2 according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. Appliances according to the present disclosure can include, in some embodiments, a plurality of incremental dental position adjustment appliances. The appliances, such as appliance 102-1 and appliance 102-2 illustrated in FIG. 1 , can be utilized to incrementally implement a treatment plan for the movement of teeth with respect to each other on the jaws of the patient such as by affecting incremental repositioning of individual teeth in the jaw, among other suitable uses. Appliances, such as appliance 102-1 and appliance 102-2, can be fabricated according to a virtual dental model that has had positions of a number of teeth adjusted according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Appliances can include any positioners, retainers, and/or other removable appliances for finishing and maintaining teeth positioning in connection with a dental treatment. These appliances may be utilized by the treatment professional in performing a treatment plan. For example, a treatment plan can include the use of a set of appliances, created according to models described herein.

An appliance (e.g., appliance 102-1 and appliance 102-2 in FIG. 1 ) can, for example, be fabricated from a polymeric shell, and/or formed from other material, having a plurality of cavities therein (e.g., cavity 107-1, cavity 107-2, cavity 107-3, 107-4, 107-5, 107-6, 107-7 generally referred to herein as cavities 107). The cavities 107 can be designed (e.g., shaped) to receive one or more teeth 104 and/or apply force to reposition one or more teeth 104 of a jaw from one teeth arrangement to a successive teeth arrangement. The shell may be designed to fit over a number of, or in many instances all, teeth 104 present in the upper and/or lower jaw.

The appliance 102-1 can include a first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 formed as part of a first shell, extending from the lingual surface 126-1 of at least one of the plurality of cavities 107. The first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be formed of the same material as the shell. In some embodiments, the first bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be formed of the same material as the shell as a continuous body.

The first bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be formed at the same time as the shell (e.g., from the same bulk material), such as during a vacuum forming process, where the material is vacuum formed over a model of teeth that is formed based on data representing a user's teeth to form the shell. In such an embodiment, the model will include a shape that corresponds to the first bite adjustment structure such that when the vacuum forming process takes place, the first bite adjustment structure is formed in a surface of one or more of the cavities of the shell that are also formed by the vacuum forming process.

As discussed above, the first shell can include cavities 107 (e.g., where each cavity 107 corresponds to a tooth). The first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be a part of a cavity 107.

A cavity, such as cavity 107-3, that does not include a bite adjustment structure 106-1 can be shaped to mate with a particular tooth. For example, cavity 107-3 can be shaped to mate with three surfaces of a corresponding tooth to be received therein.

The three surfaces, in this example, can be a front (facial) surface 128-1, a back (lingual) surface 126-1, and a biting (incisal) surface 124-1. The cavity 107-3 may be slightly out of alignment with a current configuration of the particular tooth (e.g., to facilitate aligning the particular tooth to a desired position and orientation configuration with respect to the other teeth of the patient), but the cavity 107-3 can generally conform to the shape of the particular tooth such that there is little to no space between the cavity 107-3 and the particular tooth when the first appliance 102-1 is worn.

In contrast, a cavity, such as cavity 107-1, that includes a bite adjustment structure 106-1 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a particular tooth. For an incisor or canine, the two surfaces can be a front (facial) surface 128-1 and a biting (incisal) surface 124-1. The back surface (lingual) surface 126-1 of the cavity 107-1 can include the bite adjustment structure 106-1 extending therefrom.

In some embodiments, the front surface (facial) surface 128-1 of the cavity 107-1 can include the bite adjustment structure 106-1 extending therefrom. In some implementations, the bite adjustment structure 106-1 can form a part of the cavity 107 such that when worn over a particular tooth, space exists between the tooth and the inner surface of the bite adjustment structure 106-1. In some embodiments, the space between the tooth and the inner surface of the bite adjustment structure 106-1 can be filled with composite to provide reinforcement and to avoid the damage to a shell. The space between the tooth and the inner surface of the bite adjustment structure 106-1 can be filled with a vinylpoly siloxane (VPS) material.

In some embodiments, the first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can extend from the appliance 102-1 toward the back of the mouth (in a facial-lingual direction) and can be designed to make contact with a second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 formed on a second appliance 102-2 designed to receive teeth of the jaw opposing the jaw over which the appliance 102-1 is intended to be worn. For example, the appliance 102-1 can be designed to fit over teeth 104-1 in a user's upper jaw and the first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be designed to make contact with the second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 formed on the second appliance 102-2 designed to receive teeth 104-2 of the user's lower jaw.

In some embodiments, the first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can extend from a number of cavities 107 of the first shell that receive incisors, canines, premolars, molars, and/or any combination thereof. The first bite adjustment structures 106-1 can extend from the appliance 102-1 toward the back of the mouth and can be designed to make contact with a bite adjustment structure 106-2 affixed to one or more teeth of the jaw opposing the jaw over which the first appliance 102-1 is intended to be worn. In this manner, the first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be designed to make contact with a corresponding tooth or a bite adjustment structure 106-2 on a corresponding tooth on an opposing jaw to provide a disocclusion between the first jaw and the second jaw.

The shape (e.g., size and/or contours, angle(s), etc.) and location (e.g., position on the cavity) of each of the first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be based on one or more factors that indicate ineffective positioning. A particular bite adjustment structure 106-1 can have a shape and location specific to a particular stage of the treatment plan based, for example, on at least one of a contact between a particular first bite adjustment structure 106-1 and a particular second bite adjustment structure 106-2, a contact between particular first bite adjustment structure 106-1 and a particular tooth of an opposing jaw, a number of forces used to reposition a number of teeth of the first and second jaw, and/or an orientation of a tooth over which the bite adjustment structure 106-1 is positioned.

Additionally, the shape (e.g., size and/or contours, angle(s), etc.) and location (e.g., position on the cavity) of each of the first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can be specific to a stage of a treatment plan for which the appliance 102-1 was designed. For example, successive appliances created according to a treatment plan may have differently shaped and/or located first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1. The first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 that have shapes and locations specific to particular stages of treatment can be advantageous over some previous approaches that use generic and/or uniform bite adjustment structures that are not specific to treatment stages and, therefore, may not accurately provide the desired correction for the treatment stage during which they are used. Such inaccurate treatment can lead to lengthening treatment plans, a need for a revised treatment plan, and/or unnecessary user discomfort, among other drawbacks. In contrast a number of embodiments of the present disclosure allow for more timely, accurate, and/or comfortable execution of treatment plans.

In some embodiments, an edge 101-1 of a cavity 107 opposite the biting (incisal) surface 124-1 of the cavity 107 can be shaped to extend beyond a gingival line 108-1 of the user. Extending portions of the shell over the gingival line 108-1 of the jaw can help to distribute a counterforce (e.g., counter to a number of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 106-1) to other portions of the jaw.

The appliance 102-2 can include a second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 formed as part of a second shell, extending from at least one of the plurality of cavities and designed to make contact with the first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1. The second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 can be formed of the same material as the second shell. In some embodiments, the second bite adjustment structures 106-2 can be formed of the same material as the second shell as a continuous body.

The second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 can be formed at the same time as the second shell (e.g., from the same bulk material), such as during a vacuum forming process, where the material is vacuum formed over a model of teeth that is formed based on data representing a user's teeth to form the shell. In such an embodiment, as with the appliance used on the upper jaw discussed above, the model will include a shape that corresponds to the first bite adjustment structure such that when the vacuum forming process takes place, the first bite adjustment structure is formed in a surface of one or more of the cavities of the shell that are also formed by the vacuum forming process.

Also, as discussed above, the second shell can include cavities 107 (e.g., where each cavity 107 corresponds to a tooth). The second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 can be a part of a cavity 107.

A cavity, such as cavity 107-5, that does not include a bite adjustment structure 106-2 can be shaped to mate with a particular tooth. For example, cavity 107-5 can be shaped to mate with three surfaces of a corresponding tooth to be received therein.

The three surfaces, in this example, can be a front (facial) surface 128, a back (lingual) surface 126, and a biting (incisal) surface 124. The cavity 107-5 may be slightly out of alignment with a current configuration of the particular tooth (e.g., to facilitate aligning the particular tooth to a desired position and orientation configuration with respect to the other teeth of the patient), but the cavity 107-5 can generally conform to the shape of the particular tooth such that there is little to no space between the cavity 107-5 and the particular tooth when the second appliance 102-2 is worn.

In contrast, a cavity 107, such as cavity 107-4, that includes a bite adjustment structure 106-2, can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a particular tooth. In some embodiments, for an incisor or canine, the two surfaces can be a front (facial) surface 128 and a biting (incisal) surface 124. The back (lingual) surface 126 of the cavity 107-1 can include the bite adjustment structure 106-2 extending therefrom. In some embodiments, for an incisor or canine, the two surfaces can be a back surface (lingual) surface 126 and a biting (incisal) surface 124. The front (facial) surface 128 of the cavity 107 can include the bite adjustment structure 106-2 extending therefrom.

As discussed above, the bite adjustment structure 106-2 can form a part of the cavity 107 such that when worn over a particular tooth, space exists between the tooth and the inner surface of the bite adjustment structure 106-2. In some embodiments, the space between the tooth and the inner surface of the bite adjustment structure 106-2 can be filled with composite to provide reinforcement and to avoid the damage to the shell. The space between the tooth and the inner surface of the bite adjustment structure 106-2 can be filled with a vinylpoly siloxane (VPS) material.

In some embodiments, a cavity, such as cavity 107-2 and cavity 107-3, that includes a bite adjustment structure 106 can be shaped to mate with three surfaces of a particular tooth. For an incisor or canine, the three surfaces can be a front (facial) surface 128, a back surface (lingual) surface 126, and a biting (incisal) surface 124. A bite adjustment structure 106-2 can be between a distal (toward the back of the jaw) surface of a first cavity 107 and a mesial (toward the front of the jaw) surface of an adjacent cavity 107.

In some embodiments, the second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 can extend from a number of cavities of the second shell that receive incisors, canines, premolars, molars, and/or any combination thereof. The second number of bite adjustment structures can be designed to make contact with a corresponding tooth or a bite adjustment structure 106-1 on a corresponding tooth on an opposing jaw to provide a disocclusion between the first jaw and the second jaw.

As discussed above, the shape (e.g., size and/or contours, angle(s), etc.) and location (e.g., position on the cavity) of each of the second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 can be based on one or more factors that indicate ineffective positioning. A particular bite adjustment structure 106-2 can have a shape and location specific to a particular stage of the treatment plan based, for example, on at least one of a contact between a particular first bite adjustment structure 106-1 and a particular second bite adjustment structure 106-2, a contact between particular first bite adjustment structure 106-1 and a particular tooth of an opposing jaw, a number of forces used to reposition a number of teeth of the first and second jaw, and an orientation of a tooth over which the bite adjustment structure 106-1 is positioned.

Also, as discussed above, the shape (e.g., size and/or contours, angle(s), etc.) and location (e.g., position on the cavity) of each of the second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 can be specific to a stage of a treatment plan for which the appliance 102-2 was designed. For example, successive appliances created according to a treatment plan may have differently shaped and/or located second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2. The second number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 that have shapes and locations specific to particular stages of treatment can be advantageous over some previous approaches that use generic and/or uniform bite adjustment structures that are not specific to treatment stages and therefore may not accurately provide the desired correction for the treatment stage during which they are used. Such inaccurate treatment can lead to lengthening treatment plans, a need for a revised treatment plan, and/or unnecessary user discomfort, among other drawbacks. In contrast a number of embodiments of the present disclosure allow for more timely, accurate, and/or comfortable execution of treatment plans.

As discussed above, in some embodiments, an edge 101 of a cavity 107 opposite the biting (incisal) surface 124 of the cavity 107 can be shaped to extend beyond a gingival line 108 of the user. Extending portions of the shell over the gingival line 108 of the jaw can help to distribute a counterforce (e.g., counter to a number of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 106-2) to other portions of the jaw.

Although not specifically illustrated, in some embodiments, a particular stage in a treatment plan can include bite adjustment structures on only one of a first appliance 106-1 and a second appliance 106-2. A particular stage in a treatment plan may not include any bite adjustment structures on either a first appliance 102-1 or a second appliance 102-2.

Further, a particular stage in a treatment plan can include bite adjustment structures 106 on cavities corresponding to incisors, canines, premolars, and/or molars, and/or any combination thereof. A particular stage in a treatment plan can include bite adjustment structures extending from a lingual surface of a cavity, a facial surface of a cavity 107, between a distal surface of a first cavity 107 and a mesial surface of an adjacent cavity 107, and/or combinations thereof.

Bite adjustment structures 106-1 on the first appliance 102-1 can be designed to make contact with one or more teeth 104-2 of the lower jaw and the bite adjustment structures 106-2 on the lower appliance 102-2 can be designed to make contact with one or more teeth 104-1 of the upper jaw. As used herein, a bite adjustment structure being “designed to make contact with teeth of an opposing jaw” can mean that the bite adjustment structure is designed to make contact with teeth of an opposing jaw that are or are not covered by another appliance.

A first appliance 102-1 can include a first number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 on a back (e.g., lingual) or front (e.g., facial) side of cavities 107 designed to receive upper canine teeth. The number of bite adjustment structures 106-1 can make contact with lower canine teeth and/or a corresponding bite adjustment structure 106-2 on a cavity of a second appliance 102-2 over the lower jaw and receive an inherent force therefrom when a user bites (e.g., so as to provide a disocclusion between posterior teeth of the user).

Additionally, a second appliance 102-2 can include a number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 on a back (e.g., lingual) or front (e.g., facial) side of cavities 107 designed to receive lower canine teeth. The number of bite adjustment structures 106-2 can make contact with upper canine teeth and/or a corresponding bite adjustment structure 106-1 on a cavity of a second appliance 102-2 over the upper jaw and receive an inherent force therefrom when a user bites (e.g., so as to provide a disocclusion between posterior teeth of the user).

In some embodiments, the appliances 102-1 and 102-2 can be designed to selectively distribute a counterforce (counter to an inherent force generated by the user's biting) to the posterior lower dentition. In some embodiments, a bite adjustment structure 106-1, 106-2 may be formed, for example, on a canine cavity of the upper jaw, a canine cavity of the lower jaw, between a distal surface of a lower canine cavity an a mesial surface of an adjacent first bicuspid cavity, and/or combinations thereof if traditional bite adjustment structures do not extend from the incisors a far enough distance to make contact with teeth 104-1, 104-2 and/or bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 on the opposite jaw.

The bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 can be designed to provide a disocclusion between opposing jaws. Providing a disocclusion between opposing jaws can allow for adjustment (e.g., correction) of a vertical relationship between the upper and lower jaws. That is, the bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 can be designed and intended for adjustment of the vertical relationship between upper and lower jaws and/or a vertical relationship between respective teeth in the upper and lower jaws.

In some embodiments, the appliance 102-1, 102-2 can be designed to reposition a number of teeth 104-1, 104-2 over which the appliances 102-1, 102-2 is worn while the bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 provide a disocclusion between opposing jaws. Providing a disocclusion between opposing jaws can help prevent appliances on opposing jaws from contacting (e.g., touching, allowing interaction of forces, etc.) each other (e.g., except at the bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2).

Providing a disocclusion between opposing jaws can adjust an occlusal plane (e.g., a global occlusal plane) of the user. Such an adjustment can be temporary (e.g., while the appliance 102-1, 102-2 is worn) and/or more permanent (e.g., by allowing for extrusion of teeth such as molars). For example, the bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 can be designed to provide a disocclusion between opposing posterior teeth when the user bites (e.g., in some instances, a number of anterior teeth of the user may contact a bite adjustment structure 106-1, 106-2 on an appliance worn over an opposing jaw, which can prevent the user's posterior teeth from occluding). As used herein, “disocclusion” includes the provision of space between corresponding teeth of opposing jaws so that the teeth do not bind with and/or contact each other.

In some embodiments, the bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 can be designed to adjust the jaw position. For example, bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 on cavities of an appliance over a canine can be used to adjust the jaw position.

Adjusting the jaw position can help to prevent contact of posterior teeth of opposing jaws when the lower jaw slides sideways (e.g., contact between the upper and lower canines provides a disocclusion between the posterior teeth of opposing jaws when the lower jaw slides sideways with respect to the upper jaw in order to protect the posterior teeth). An appliance 102-1, 102-2 formed with bite adjustment structures 106-1, 106-2 on a canine cavity can adjust the jaw position by altering the contact between the canine cavity and a corresponding tooth on an opposing jaw to move one of the canine teeth to a predetermined position with respect to a canine tooth on the opposite jaw so that when the jaws move sideways with respect to one another the contact between the bite adjustment structure 106-1, 106-2 and the opposing tooth protects the posterior teeth by providing a disocclusion (e.g., where, without the bite adjustment structure 106-1, 106-2 the posterior teeth may contact and/or grind against each other as the jaws move sideways with respect to one another).

Modeling of Dental Appliances and Bite Adjustment Structures

FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of a virtual model 214 of a jaw according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. Embodiments of the present disclosure can include instructions that are executable by a processor (e.g., software), which can be fixed in a non-transitory computing device readable medium, to model a user's jaws (e.g., including teeth, roots, gingiva, and/or supporting structure, etc.). The instructions can be executed to create and/or modify a treatment plan to incrementally adjust the user's teeth and/or bite, among other adjustments, via application of a series of appliances as described herein. The instructions can be executed to provide modified models of the user's jaws for each of the various stages of the treatment plan for fabrication (e.g., via rapid prototyping such as stereolithography) of physical models corresponding to the virtual models 214. The physical models can be used for the fabrication (e.g., via thermoforming) of appliances thereover.

According to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, the instructions can be executed to position a first number of virtual bite adjustment structures 210 on the back (lingua) surface of a corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of a virtual model 214 of a first jaw. The instructions can be executed to determine whether the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures 210 positioned on the back (lingual) surface of the corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of the virtual model 214 of the first jaw result in ineffective positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of the first jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a second jaw of the virtual model. Ineffective positioning or orientation can be the positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of the first jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a second jaw of the virtual that results in the misalignment of the patient's teeth. For example, ineffective positioning or orientation can result in a malocclusion (e.g., overjet, deepbite, crossbite, etc.).

The instructions can be executed wherein, if there is ineffective positioning or orientation, the instructions are executed to determine what one or more factors of a number of factors indicate the ineffective positioning. The instructions can be executed to adjust the position of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the first jaw based on the one or more factors that indicate the ineffective positioning. For example, factors that indicate ineffective positioning include the incisors are crooked or tipped with respect to the teeth of the opposing jaw, the distance between the proposed position of the bite adjustment structure and the teeth of the opposing jaw is too great, among other factors. The instructions can be executed to provide the virtual model of the first jaw to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the first jaw for formation of a first appliance thereover such that the first appliance inherits a shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures.

According to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, the instructions can be executed to position a second number of virtual bite adjustment structures 210 on a corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of a virtual model 214 of a second jaw. The instructions can be executed to determine whether the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures 210 positioned on the corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of the virtual model 214 of the second jaw result in ineffective positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of the second jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a first jaw of the virtual model.

The instructions can be executed wherein, if there is ineffective positioning or orientation, determine what one or more factors of a number of factors that indicate the ineffective positioning. The instructions can be executed to adjust the position of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the second jaw based on the one or more factors that indicate the ineffective positioning. The instructions can be executed to provide the virtual model of the second jaw to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the second jaw for formation of a second appliance thereover such that the second appliance inherits a shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures.

According to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, the instructions can be executed to position a number of virtual bite adjustment structures 210 on a corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 of a virtual model 214 of a jaw. The instructions can be executed to position the virtual bite adjustment structures 210 on the virtual teeth of the virtual model 214 of the jaw at a particular stage of treatment and/or adjust the position of the virtual bite adjustment structures 210 for subsequent stages of treatment. The virtual model 214 of the jaw can be different at each stage of treatment according to the treatment plan (e.g., positioning of the virtual teeth can change). The instructions can be executed to adjust the position of the virtual bite adjustment structures 210 according to changes to the virtual model 214 of the jaw between treatment stages and/or according to anticipated changes in subsequent stages of treatment (e.g., to help effectuate a desired change to the virtual model 214 of the jaw).

For each stage of treatment, the instructions can be executed to model forces applied to the virtual model 214 of the jaw by an appliance corresponding to that stage (to simulate actual forces to be applied to a user's physical jaw by a physical appliance). Those forces can include forces applied to the virtual model 214 of the jaw by virtue of the appliance being slightly out of alignment with a current configuration of the virtual teeth and/or include inherent forces applied to the aligner by the user (e.g., when the user bites on the bite adjustment structures). The instructions can be executed to adjust the shape of the virtual model 214 of the jaw such that a corresponding appliance formed thereover distributes a counterforce (counter to the inherent force applied by the user to the bite adjustment structures) to a number of posterior teeth of the physical jaw of the user.

Any of the number of virtual models illustrated and/or described herein (e.g., FIGS. 2, 3A-3D, 4 , etc.) can represent a stage of a treatment plan, can be used to model forces applied to the virtual models, can be used to create a physical model for formation of a physical appliance thereover, can be used for direct fabrication of a physical appliance (without creating a physical model), among other uses.

Positioning and/or adjustment of positioning of virtual bite adjustment structures 210 on a virtual model 214 of a jaw can be automatic (e.g., by operation of software based on force modeling for a particular stage of treatment), manual (e.g., by operation of an operator interacting with the virtual model via an interface with a computing device), or a combination thereof. Likewise, the shape (e.g., size, orientation (e.g., various angles with respect to references)) and/or affixing location (on the virtual teeth) of the virtual bite adjustment structures 210 can be automatically set by the software, by manual operation (e.g., an operator can specify the necessary criteria of the virtual bite adjustment structures 210 and/or modify default criteria provided by the software), or a combination thereof.

As described herein, the bite adjustment structures can be used to provide a disocclusion and/or adjust the jaw position, among other uses. The instructions to position the virtual bite adjustment structures 210 can incorporate a result of instructions to model forces used to reposition virtual teeth 212. For example, the instructions can be executed to model a first number of forces used to reposition a corresponding number of virtual teeth 212 a first distance according to a first stage (“first” indicating an arbitrary stage, not necessarily an original stage) of a treatment plan and the instructions can be executed to incorporate a result of modeling the first number of forces in order to position the virtual bite adjustment structures 212. The instructions executed to adjust a position of the virtual bite adjustment structures 212 can incorporate a result of instructions executed to calculate a second number of forces used to reposition the number of virtual teeth 212 a second distance according to a second stage of the treatment plan (e.g., a stage subsequent to the first stage, not necessarily sequential thereto).

According to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, physical bite adjustment structures do not need to be affixed to a user's physical teeth in order to fabricate appliances that include bite adjustment structures therein. With virtual modeling, an impression of the user's teeth (without physically affixing structures to the teeth) can be made and the virtual bite adjustment structures 210 can be added by software. Such embodiments can be beneficial in reducing chair time for users in a professional's office and/or reduce the use of materials associated with physically affixing structures to the teeth, which can reduce costs. Such embodiments can be beneficial in reducing user discomfort that may be associated with physically affixing structures to the teeth, even if the physically affixing structures to the teeth is temporary.

FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model 314 of a jaw corresponding to a first stage of treatment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The virtual model 314 includes a number of virtual teeth 312-1, 312-2 that each include a corresponding virtual bite adjustment structure 310-1, 310-2.

FIG. 3B illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model 314 of a jaw corresponding to a second stage of treatment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3C illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model 314 of a jaw corresponding to a third stage of treatment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3D illustrates a perspective view of a portion of a virtual model 314 of a jaw corresponding to a fourth stage of treatment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.

As used herein, “first stage” does not necessarily mean the original stage of a treatment plan, but is a relative term with respect to other stages. For example, the “first stage” may be a second stage of a 50 stage treatment plan, while the “second stage” illustrated in FIG. 3B may be a tenth stage of the 50 stage treatment plan, while the “third stage” illustrated in FIG. 3C may be a 30th stage of the 50 stage treatment plan, and the “fourth stage” illustrated in FIG. 3D may be a 40th stage of the 50 stage treatment plan.

Embodiments can include more or fewer bite adjustment structures than are illustrated in FIGS. 3A-3D. For example, some treatment plans may include four bite adjustment structures for a first stage and two bite adjustment structures for a second stage. Each of the bite adjustment structures can have a shape and location specific to the respective stage of the treatment plan and based on at least one of a contact between a particular bite adjustment structure and a particular tooth, a first bite adjustment structure and a particular second bite adjustment structure, a number of forces used to reposition a number of teeth of a first and second jaw, and an orientation of a tooth over which the first bite adjustment structure is positioned.

FIG. 3A includes a first virtual tooth 312-1 with a first virtual bite adjustment structure 310-1 that is smaller than a second virtual bite adjustment structure 310-2 on a second virtual tooth 312-2. The first virtual bite adjustment structure 310-1 is smaller than the second virtual bite adjustment structure 310-2 in both a direction between adjacent teeth in the same jaw (mesial-distal direction) 311 and in a direction between the front of the mouth and the back of the mouth (facial-lingual direction) 313. In some embodiments, different bite adjustment structures can have different sizes in a direction between the root and the tip of a tooth (gingival-incisal/coronal direction) 315.

A bite adjustment structure can be designed with a different (e.g., smaller) size, for example, as corresponding teeth of opposing jaws get closer together during treatment. A bite adjustment structure can be designed with a different (e.g., larger) size, for example, as corresponding teeth of opposing jaws get farther apart during treatment. A bite adjustment structure can have a smaller or larger size in a direction between adjacent teeth in the same jaw (mesial-distal direction) 311 dependent upon proximity to one or more adjacent teeth (e.g., a bite adjustment structure can be designed to be smaller/larger to account for crowding/spacing so that the bite adjustment structure does not connect with neighboring teeth).

A bite adjustment structure can be designed to be in a different location on a tooth for different stages of treatment. As illustrated between FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C, an edge 323-1 of the virtual bite adjustment structure 310-1 that is closest to the biting (incisal) surface 324-1 moved closer to the biting (incisal) surface 324-1 of the virtual tooth 312-1. Furthermore, the virtual bite adjustment structure 310-1 increased in size in both a direction between adjacent teeth in the same jaw (mesial-distal direction) 311 and a direction between the root and the tip of a tooth (gingival-incisal/coronal direction) 315 between the second stage and the third stage.

Bite adjustment structures can be designed to change location on a tooth between treatment stages based on, for example, changes in intrusion or extrusion of the tooth (or a corresponding tooth on an opposing jaw) and/or movement of the tooth (or a corresponding tooth on an opposing jaw) (e.g., movement in a direction between adjacent teeth in the same jaw (mesial-distal direction) 312). For example, if a tooth is intruded during treatment, a bite adjustment structure for that tooth may be moved toward a biting (incisal) surface of the tooth in a subsequent stage of treatment to allow a corresponding tooth on the opposing jaw to continue to make contact with the bite adjustment structure. As used herein, “intrusion” includes forcing a tooth back into a jaw and/or preventing eruption of the tooth from the jaw.

Across FIGS. 3A-3D, the edges 323-1, 323-2 of the virtual bite adjustment structures 310-1, 310-2 closest to the biting (incisal) surfaces 324-1, 324-2 of the teeth generally change location toward the biting (incisal) surfaces 324-1, 324-2 of the virtual teeth 312-1, 312-2. Such a change in location can be designed for the virtual bite adjustment structures 310-1, 310-2, for example, as part of a treatment plan where the virtual teeth 312-1, 312-2 are being intruded into the jaw (as the teeth move up into the jaw, an occlusal plane defined by contact with the corresponding teeth on the opposing jaw would generally move in the direction between the root and the tip of a tooth (gingival-incisal/coronal direction) 315 toward the biting (incisal) surfaces 324-1, 324-2 of the virtual teeth 312-1, 312-2).

FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a virtual model 414 of a jaw according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. Appliances (e.g., formed based on virtual model 414) that include bite adjustment structures on canines can be used to provide a disocclusion between various opposing teeth in a user's jaws while the appliance is worn (e.g., to allow for eruption of teeth or other treatment goals).

The virtual bite adjustment structures 410-1 and 410-2 can extend from the virtual canines 412-1 and 412-2 in a direction from the outside of the mouth toward an inside of the mouth (facial-lingual) direction 413. Because the virtual bite adjustment structures 410-1 and 410-2 are extending from virtual canines 412-1 and 412-2, the virtual bite adjustment structures 410-1 and 410-2 are likely (depending on specific patient tooth geometry and alignment) to extend in a direction oblique to the occlusal plane. Although the angle of each virtual bite adjustment structure can be specific to the particular virtual tooth from which it extends, and patient tooth geometries and alignments will differ, virtual bite adjustment structures extending from virtual incisors may be closer to being parallel to the occlusal plane, virtual bite adjustment structures extending from virtual molars and/or premolars may be closer to being perpendicular to the occlusal plane, and virtual bite adjustment structures extending from virtual canines may be closer to being oblique to the occlusal plane.

According to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, the virtual bite adjustment structures 410-1 and 410-2 can be positioned on a corresponding number of virtual teeth 412-1 and 412-2 of a virtual model 414 of a jaw at a particular stage of treatment. The position of the virtual bite adjustment structures 410-1 and 410-2 can be adjusted for subsequent stages of treatment (e.g., to help effectuate a desired change to the virtual model 414 of the jaw). For example, bite adjustment structures on cavities of an appliance over a canine can be used to adjust the jaw position.

As discussed above, adjusting the jaw position can help to prevent contact of posterior teeth of opposing jaws when the lower jaw slides sideways (e.g., contact between the upper and lower canines provides a disocclusion between the posterior teeth of opposing jaws when the lower jaw slides sideways with respect to the upper jaw in order to protect the posterior teeth). An appliance formed with bite adjustment structures on a canine cavity can adjust the jaw position by altering the contact between the canine cavity and a corresponding tooth on an opposing jaw so that when the jaws move sideways with respect to one another the contact between the bite adjustment structure and the opposing tooth protects the posterior teeth by providing a disocclusion (e.g., where, without the bite adjustment structure the posterior teeth may contact and/or grind against each other as the jaws move sideways with respect to one another).

Although not specifically illustrated, some embodiments can include a virtual bite adjustment structure on a number of teeth on one side of the jaw (e.g., either left or right) for a particular stage of treatment. Including a bite adjustment structure extending from a tooth on one side of the jaw can allow a number of teeth to erupt or passively extrude. In some embodiments, a first stage of treatment can include a number of bite adjustment structures extending from posterior teeth on the left side of a jaw and a second stage subsequent to the first stage can include a number of bite adjustment structures extending from teeth on the right side of the jaw (or vice versa). Varying the side of the jaw from which a virtual bite adjustment structure extends (from a tooth) can allow a number of teeth to be extruded from or erupt from both sides of the jaw alternately, among other benefits.

In some embodiments, a first stage of treatment can include a bite adjustment structure extending from a first tooth on one side (e.g., left or right) of a jaw and a second stage subsequent to the first stage can include a bite adjustment structure extending from a second (different) tooth on the same side of the jaw. Varying the tooth on the same side of the jaw from which a bite adjustment structure extends (from a posterior tooth) can allow a number of teeth to be extruded from or erupt from the same side of the jaw alternately, among other benefits.

Examples of Bite Adjustment Structures

FIG. 5 illustrates a view of a portion of a dental position adjustment according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion of the dental position appliance includes a cavity 507-1 including a bite adjustment structure 506-1. For example, the bite adjustment structure 506-1 can be on a cavity over a canine tooth of the upper jaw. The cavity 507-1 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. Note that the left and right edges of the cavity 507-1 are shown for illustrative purposes, and may not physically be part of the appliance (e.g., the appliance may have an open channel between adjacent cavities contained therein so as not to interfere with an interproximal region between adjacent teeth of a user). As described herein, bite adjustment structures can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

The bite adjustment structure 506-1 is illustrated on a back (lingual) surface 526-1 of the cavity 507-1. The cavity 507-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 506-1 on the cavity 507-1) can have a first surface 520-1 extending away from a tooth within the cavity 507-1 in a front-to-back (toward the interior of the patient's mouth) direction (out of the page) proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 524-1 of the cavity 507-1. The cavity 507-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 506-1) can have a second surface 522-1 that connects with the first surface 520-1 at a distance from the tooth within the cavity 507-1. The first surface 520-1 and the second surface 522-1 are both on a same side of the cavity 507-1 (e.g., the first surface 520-1 and the second surface 522-1 are both on the outside of the cavity 507-1 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 507-1 where a tooth is received). An angle 516 between the first surface 520-1 of the cavity 507-1 and an occlusal plane 518-1 of the user is illustrated.

According to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 5 ) can have different angles 516 between the first surface 520-1 and the occlusal plane 518-1. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 506-1 and the occlusal plane 518-1 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 506-1 by opposing teeth of the user. Having different angles 516 between different bite adjustment structures 506-1 and the occlusal plane 518-1 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 506-1 by opposing teeth of the user, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 524-1 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 518-1 with different angles). Modifying the angles 516 of individual bite adjustment structures 506-1 can allow first surfaces 520-1 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 506-1 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 506-1) to be substantially parallel to biting (incisal) surfaces of opposing teeth. In some embodiments, the bite adjustment structure 506-1 extends from a back (lingual) surface 526-1 of the cavity 507-1 of a upper canine tooth to make contact with a particular lower canine tooth to treat a positive canine overjet, where the overjet is less than or equal to 3 millimeters.

FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrates a portion of a first appliance and a second appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion of the first appliance includes a cavity 607-1 including a bite adjustment structure 606-1. The cavity 607-1 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. Note that the left and right edges of the cavity 607-1 are shown for illustrative purposes, and may not physically be part of the appliance (e.g., the appliance may have an open channel between adjacent cavities contained therein so as not to interfere with an interproximal region between adjacent teeth of a user). As described herein, bite adjustment structures can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

FIG. 6A illustrates the bite adjustment structure 606-1 is on a back (lingual) surface 626-1 of the cavity 607-1. The cavity 607-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 606-1 on the cavity 607-1) can have a first surface 620-1 extending away from a tooth within the cavity 607-1 in a front-to-back (toward the interior of the patient's mouth) direction (out of the page) proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 624-1 of the cavity 607-1. The cavity 607-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 606-1) can have a second surface 622-1 that connects with the first surface 620-1 at a distance from the tooth within the cavity 607-1. The first surface 620-1 and the second surface 622-1 are both on a same side of the cavity 607-1 (e.g., the first surface 620-1 and the second surface 622-1 are both on the outside of the cavity 607-1 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 607-1 where a tooth is received).

According to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B) can have different angles between the first surface 620-1 and the occlusal plane 618. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 606-1 and the occlusal plane 618 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 606-1 by opposing bite adjustment structure 606-2 on the cavity 607-2. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 606-1 and the occlusal plane 618 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 606-1 by opposing bite adjustment structure 606-2, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 624-1 and 624-2 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 618 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 606-1 can allow first surfaces 620-1 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 606-1 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 606-1) to be substantially parallel to the surface 620-2 of the opposing bite adjustment structure 606-2.

The portion of the second appliance includes a first cavity 607-2 and a second cavity 607-3 including a bite adjustment structure 606-2. The first cavity 607-2 and the second cavity 607-3 can be shaped to mate with three surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. The first cavity 607-2 and the second cavity 607-3 can be adjacent cavities in the same jaw. For example, the first cavity 607-2 can be a lower first bicuspid tooth and the second cavity 607-3 can be a lower canine tooth. As described herein, bite adjustment structures can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

The bite adjustment structure 606-2 is illustrated between the distal (toward the back of the jaw) surface of the first cavity 607-2 and the mesial (toward the front of the jaw) surface of the second cavity 607-3 that is adjacent to the first cavity 607-2. The bite adjustment structure 606-2 can have a first surface 620-2 extending from the biting (incisal) surface 624-2 of a tooth within the cavity 607-2 to the biting (incisal) surface of a second tooth within the cavity 607-3 in a front-to-back (mesial-distal) direction. The bite adjustment structure 606-2 can have a second surface 622-2 that connects with the first surface 620-2 at a distance from between the distal surface of the first cavity 607-2 and the mesial surface of the second cavity 607-3 that is adjacent to the first cavity 607-2. The bite adjustment structure 606-2 can have a third surface 625, which is opposite the second surface 622-2, that connects with the first surface 620-2 at a distance from between the distal surface of the first cavity 607-2 and the mesial surface of the second cavity 607-3 that is adjacent to the first cavity 607-2. The first surface 620-2, the second surface 622-2, and the third surface 625 are all on a same side of the first cavity 607-2 and the second cavity 607-3 (e.g., the first surface 620-2, the second surface 622-2, and the third surface 625 are both on the outside of the first cavity 607-2 and the second cavity 607-3 as opposed to the inside of the first cavity 607-2 and the second cavity 607-3 where a first tooth and a second tooth is received). The bite adjustment structure 606-2 between the distal (toward the back of the jaw) surface of a first cavity 607-2 and the mesial (toward the front of the jaw) surface of the second cavity 607-3 can have minimal contact with the front (facial) 628-2 and back (lingual) 626-2 surfaces of the first cavity and the second cavity to ensure sufficient contact of aligners and/or crowns and to avoid conflicts with other bite adjustment structure placement.

As discussed above, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 6 ) can have different angles between the first surface 620-2 and the occlusal plane 618. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 606-2 and the occlusal plane 618 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 606-2 by an opposing bite adjustment structure 606-1. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 606-2 and the occlusal plane 618 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 606-2 by the opposing bite adjustment structure 606-1, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 624-2 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 618 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 606-2 can allow first surfaces 620-2 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 606-2 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 606-2) to be substantially parallel to the surface of the opposing bite adjustment structure 606-1. The first surface 620-1 can be parallel to the occlusal plane 618.

In some embodiments, the bite adjustment structure 606-1 extends from a back (lingual) surface 626-1 of the cavity 607-1 of a upper canine tooth to make contact with a bite adjustment structure 606-2 extending between the distal (toward the back of the jaw) surface of a lower canine cavity 607-2 and the mesial (toward the front of the jaw) surface of a lower first bicuspid cavity 607-3 to treat a positive canine overjet.

FIG. 7 illustrates a view of a portion of a first appliance 702-1 and a second appliance 702-2 according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion of the first dental position appliance 702-1 includes a cavity 707-1 including a bite adjustment structure 706-1. For example, the bite adjustment structure 706-1 can be on a cavity over a canine tooth of the upper jaw. The cavity 707-1 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. As described herein, bite adjustment structures can 706-1 include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

As discussed above, the bite adjustment structure 706-1 is illustrated on a back (lingual) surface 726-1 of the cavity 707-1. The cavity 707-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 706-1 on the cavity 707-1) can have a first surface 720-1 extending away from a tooth within the cavity 707-1 in a front-to-back (toward the interior of the patient's mouth) direction proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 724-1 of the cavity 707-1. The cavity 707-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 706-1) can have a second surface 722-1 that connects with the first surface 720-1 at a distance from the tooth within the cavity 707-1. The first surface 720-1 and the second surface 722-1 are both on a same side of the cavity 707-1 (e.g., the first surface 720-1 and the second surface 722-1 are both on the outside of the cavity 707-1 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 707-1 where a tooth is received).

Also, as discussed above, according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 7 ) can have different angles between the first surface 720-1 and the occlusal plane 718. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 706-1 and the occlusal plane 718 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 706-1 by an opposing bite adjustment structure 706-2. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 706-1 and the occlusal plane 718 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 706-1 by opposing bite adjustment structure 706-2, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 724-1 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 718 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 706-1 can allow first surfaces 720-1 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 706-1 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 706-1) to be substantially parallel to the surface of the opposing bite adjustment structure 706-2.

The portion of the second dental position appliance includes a cavity 707-2 including a bite adjustment structure 706-2. For example, the bite adjustment structure 706-2 can be on a cavity over a canine tooth of the lower jaw. The cavity 707-2 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. As described herein, bite adjustment structures can include a shape and location that is deigned to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

The bite adjustment structure 706-2 is illustrated on a front (facial) surface 728-2 of the cavity 707-2. The cavity 707-2 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 706-2 on the cavity 707-2) can have a first surface 720-2 extending away from the biting (incisal) surface 724-2 of a tooth within the cavity 707-2 in a front-to-back (facial-lingual) direction proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 724-2 of the cavity 707-2. The cavity 707-2 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 706-2) can have a second surface 722-2 that connects with the first surface 720-2 at a distance from the tooth within the cavity 707-2. The first surface 720-2 and the second surface 722-2 are both on a same side of the cavity 707-2 (e.g., the first surface 720-2 and the second surface 722-2 are both on the outside of the cavity 707-2 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 707-2 where a tooth is received).

As discussed above, according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 7 ) can have different angles between the first surface 720-2 and the occlusal plane 718. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 706-2 and the occlusal plane 718 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 706-2 by an opposing bite adjustment structure 706-1. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 706-2 and the occlusal plane 718 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 706-2 by the opposing bite adjustment structure 706-1, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 724-2 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 718 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 706-2 can allow first surfaces 720-2 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 706-2 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 706-2) to be substantially parallel to the surface of the opposing bite adjustment structure 706-1.

FIG. 8 illustrates a view of a portion of a first appliance 807-1 and a second appliance 807-2 according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion of the first dental position appliance 802-1 includes a cavity 807-1 including a bite adjustment structure 806-1. For example, the bite adjustment structure 806-1 can be on a cavity 807-1 over a canine tooth of the upper jaw. The cavity 807-1 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. As described herein, bite adjustment structures 806-1 can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

As discussed above, the bite adjustment structure 806-1 is illustrated on a back (lingual) surface 826-1 of the cavity 807-1. The cavity 807-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 806-1 on the cavity 807-1) can have a first surface 820-1 extending away from a tooth within the cavity 807-1 in a front-to-back (toward the interior of the patient's mouth) direction proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 824-1 of the cavity 807-1. The cavity 807-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 806-1) can have a second surface 822-1 that connects with the first surface 820-1 a distance from the tooth within the cavity 807-1. The first surface 820-1 and the second surface 822-1 are both on a same side of the cavity 807-1 (e.g., the first surface 820-1 and the second surface 822-1 are both on the outside of the cavity 807-1 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 807-1 where a tooth is received).

Also, as discussed above, according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 8 ) can have different angles between the first surface 820-1 and the occlusal plane 818. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 806-1 and the occlusal plane 818 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 806-1 by an opposing bite adjustment structure 806-2. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 806-1 and the occlusal plane 818 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 806-1 by opposing bite adjustment structure 806-2, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 824-1 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 818 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 806-1 can allow first surfaces 820-1 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 806-1 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 806-1) to be substantially parallel to the surface of an opposing bite adjustment structure 806-2.

The portion of the second dental position appliance 802-2 includes a cavity 807-2 including a bite adjustment structure 806-2. For example, the bite adjustment structure 806-2 can be on a cavity 807-2 over a canine tooth of the lower jaw. The cavity 807-2 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. As described herein, bite adjustment structures can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

The bite adjustment structure 806-2 is illustrated on a front (facial) surface 828-2 of the cavity 807-2. The cavity 807-2 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 806-2 on the cavity 807-2) can have a first surface 820-2 extending away from a tooth within the cavity 807-2 in a front-to-back (toward the exterior of the patient's mouth) direction proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 824-2 of the cavity 807-2. The cavity 807-2 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 806-2) can have a second surface 822-2 that connects with the first surface 820-2 at a distance from the tooth within the cavity 807-2. The first surface 820-2 and the second surface 822-2 are both on a same side of the cavity 807-2 (e.g., the first surface 820-2 and the second surface 822-2 are both on the outside of the cavity 807-2 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 807-2 where a tooth is received).

As discussed above, according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 8 ) can have different angles between the first surface 820-2 and the occlusal plane 818. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 806-2 and the occlusal plane 818 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 806-2 by an opposing bite adjustment structure 806-1. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 806-2 and the occlusal plane 818 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 806-2 by the opposing bite adjustment structure 806-1, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 824-2 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 818 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 806-2 can allow first surfaces 820-2 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 806-2 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 806-2) to be substantially parallel to the surface of the opposing bite adjustment structure 806-1.

FIG. 9 illustrates a view of a portion of a dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion of the dental position appliance includes a cavity 907 including a bite adjustment structure 906. For example, the bite adjustment structure 906 can be on a cavity 907 over a canine tooth of the lower jaw. The cavity 907 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. As described herein, bite adjustment structures 906 can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

As discussed above, the bite adjustment structure 906 is illustrated on a back (lingual) surface 926-2 of the cavity 907. The cavity 907 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 906 on the cavity 907) can have a first surface 920 extending away from a tooth within the cavity 907 in a front-to-back (toward the interior of the patient's mouth) direction proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 924-2 of the cavity 907. The cavity 907 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 906) can have a second surface 922 that connects with the first surface 920 at a distance from the tooth within the cavity 907. The first surface 920 and the second surface 922 are both on a same side of the cavity 907 (e.g., the first surface 920 and the second surface 922 are both on the outside of the cavity 907 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 907 where a tooth is received).

Also, as discussed above, according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 9 ) can have different angles between the first surface 920 and an occlusal plane 918. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 906 and the occlusal plane 918 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 906 by opposing teeth of the user. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 906 and the occlusal plane 918 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 906 by opposing teeth of the user, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 924-1 and 924-2 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 918 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 906 can allow first surfaces 920 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 906 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 906) to be substantially parallel to biting (incisal) surfaces 924-1 of opposing teeth 904 to treat a negative canine overjet.

FIG. 10 illustrates a view of a portion of a dental position adjustment appliance 1002 according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion of the dental position appliance 1002 includes a cavity 1007 including a bite adjustment structure 1006. For example, the bite adjustment structure 1006 can be on a cavity 1007 over a canine tooth of the upper jaw. The cavity 1007 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. As described herein, bite adjustment structures 1006 can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

As discussed above, the bite adjustment structure 1006 is illustrated on a front (facial) surface 1028-1 of the cavity 1007. The cavity 1007 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 1006 on the cavity 1007) can have a first surface 1020 extending away from a tooth within the cavity 1007 in a front-to-back (toward the exterior of the patient's mouth) direction proximal to a biting (incisal) surface 1024-1 of the cavity 1007. The cavity 1007 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 1006) can have a second surface 1022 that connects with the first surface 1020 at a distance from the tooth within the cavity 1007. The first surface 1020 and the second surface 1022 are both on a same side of the cavity 1007 (e.g., the first surface 1020 and the second surface 1022 are both on the outside of the cavity 1007 as opposed to the inside of the cavity 1007 where a tooth is received).

Also, as discussed above, according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure, different cavities (not specifically illustrated in FIG. 10 ) can have different angles between the first surface 1020 and an occlusal plane 1018. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 1006 and the occlusal plane 1018 can allow for more accurate modeling of forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 1006 by opposing teeth 1004 of the user. Having different angles between different bite adjustment structures 1006 and the occlusal plane 1018 can allow for more force to be applied to each of the bite adjustment structures 1006 by opposing teeth of the user, for example, in a situation where a user has differently misaligned teeth in either an upper or lower jaw (e.g., where biting (incisal) surfaces 1024-1 and 1024-2 of different teeth approach the occlusal plane 1018 with different angles). Modifying the angles of individual bite adjustment structures 1006 can allow first surfaces 1020 (e.g., biting (incisal) surfaces) of individual bite adjustment structures 1006 (e.g., each bite adjustment structure 1006) to be substantially parallel to biting (incisal) surfaces of opposing teeth 1004.

FIG. 11 illustrates a view of a portion of a first dental position adjustment appliance and a second dental position adjustment appliance according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion of the first appliance includes a cavity 1107-1 including a bite adjustment structure 1106-1. The cavity 1107-1 can be shaped to mate with two surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. As described herein, bite adjustment structures can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

FIG. 11 illustrates the bite adjustment structure 1106-1 is on a back (lingual) surface 1126-1 of the cavity 1107-1. The cavity 1107-1 (e.g., the bite adjustment structure 1106-1 on the cavity 1107-1) can have a first surface 1120-1. The first surface 1120-1 can be adapted to mate with a first surface of another bite adjustment structure. For instance, as illustrated in FIG. 11 , the surface 1120-1 of the bite adjustment structure 1106-1 can be a convex shape that mates with a concave surface 1120-2 of the bite adjustment structure 1106-2.

The portion of the second appliance includes a first cavity 1107-2 and a second cavity 1107-3 including a bite adjustment structure 1106-2. The first cavity 1107-2 and the second cavity 1107-3 can be shaped to mate with three surfaces of a tooth therein when worn by a user. The first cavity 1107-2 and the second cavity 1107-3 can be adjacent cavities in the same jaw. For example, the first cavity 1107-2 can be a lower first bicuspid tooth and the second cavity 1107-3 can be a lower canine tooth. As described herein, bite adjustment structures can include a shape and location that is designed to be specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan.

The bite adjustment structure 1106-2 is illustrated between the distal (toward the back of the jaw) surface of the first cavity 1107-2 and the mesial (toward the front of the jaw) surface of the second cavity 1107-3 that is adjacent to the first cavity 1107-2. The bite adjustment structure 1106-2 can have a surface 1120-2. The first surface 1120-2 can be adapted to mate with a first surface of another bite adjustment structure. For instance, as illustrated in FIG. 11 , the surface 1120-2 of the bite adjustment structure 1106-2 can be a concave shape that mates with a convex surface 1120-1 of the bite adjustment structure 1106-1.

FIG. 12 illustrates a contact between a number of bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 on a dental position adjustment appliance 1202 and number of teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 on an opposing jaw according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. The number of teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 of the second jaw may or may not be covered by an appliance. The appliance may or may not include a number of bite adjustment structures. The number of bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 can have a shape and location specific to a particular stage of a treatment plan that the appliance 1202 was designed to implement. Although only two cavities of the appliance 1202 are illustrated, other cavities may be included with the appliance 1202 and other cavities (some or all) can include bite adjustment structures thereon. A particular bite adjustment structure (e.g., bite adjustment structure 1206-1, or more than one bite adjustment structure) can have a shape and location specific to a particular stage of the treatment plan based on at least one of a contact between a particular first bite adjustment structure and a particular second bite adjustment structure, a particular bite adjustment structure and a particular tooth, a number of forces used to reposition a number of teeth of the first and second jaw, and an orientation of a tooth over which the first bite adjustment structure is positioned. The contact between the bite adjustment structure 1206-1 and the tooth 1204-1 can be defined by a relative geometry of the first surface 1220 of the bite adjustment structure 1206-1 and the biting (incisal) surface 1224 of the tooth 1204-1 and/or a biting (incisal) surface of a cavity of an appliance thereover. The first surface 1220-1 of the first cavity can be parallel to a local occlusal plane 1232-1 of a tooth 1204-1 opposite the first surface 1220-1 of the first cavity and the first surface 1220-2 of the second cavity can be parallel to a local occlusal plane 1232-2 of a tooth 1204-2 opposite the first surface 1220-2 of the second cavity. A local occlusal plane can be an occlusal plane between a particular upper tooth and a particular lower tooth that is based only on the occlusion of the particular upper tooth and particular lower tooth (e.g., as opposed to a global occlusal plane, which is based on the occlusion of teeth in the upper and lower jaws as a whole). The first surface 1220-1 of the bite adjustment structure 1206-1 and/or the first surface 1220-2 of the bite adjustment structure 1206-2 can be designed to provide a disocclusion between opposing posterior teeth when the user bites.

Although not specifically illustrated, in some embodiments, a bite adjustment structures can extrude from the surface of the cavity at an affixing location where the cavity makes contact with an opposing tooth to provide a disocclusion between opposing posterior teeth when the user bites. For example, a bite adjustment structure can extrude from the surface of a first canine tooth to make contact with an opposing canine tooth at a position where the opposing canines make contact without the use of a bite adjustment structure.

Although not specifically illustrated, the teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 can be covered by an appliance that can include bite adjustment structures to contact with biting (incisal) surfaces of the cavities of the appliance 1202. Various stages of a treatment plan can include or not include an appliance to cover the teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 of the opposing jaw and different stages of the treatment plan can include or not include a number of bite adjustment structures on the appliance for the opposing jaw. For example, a particular stage of a treatment plan can include an appliance over each of the upper jaw and lower jaw of a user, where each appliance includes a number of bite adjustment structures, and where the bite adjustment structures are designed to provide a disocclusion between opposing posterior teeth in order to level the teeth of the upper and lower jaws. Each appliance may also include a number of bite adjustment structures designed to adjust the jaw position so that when the upper and lower jaw move sideways with respect to one another the contact between the bite adjustment structure and the opposing tooth protects the posterior teeth by providing a disocclusion

The positioning of the virtual bite adjustment structures on the virtual model can correspond to the actual position of the physical bite adjustment structures on the appliances that are fabricated by a fabrication device according to the virtual model. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 12 , the bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 (e.g., by operation of the user closing his jaws) may apply inherent forces 1234-1, 1234-2 to the teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 of the opposing jaw. As is also illustrated, the orientation of different teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 with respect to the orientation of different bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 can be different based on the geometry of the contacts between the bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 and the opposing teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 according to a particular stage the treatment plan. Thus, the bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 can be specific to individual teeth 1204-1, 1204-2 as well as specific to the particular stage of the treatment plan. The bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 may direct an inherent force (e.g., inherent from the user biting) perpendicular to the local occlusal plane 1232-1, 1232-2 where the bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 contact opposing teeth 1204-1, 1204-2, an opposing appliance, and/or bite adjustment structures on an opposing appliance. In general there may not be lateral forces applied to the bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2 unless bite adjustment structures on an opposing appliance have been configured to apply such a force to the bite adjustment structures 1206-1, 1206-2.

Jaw Positioning

FIG. 13A illustrates jaws 1336-1, 1336-2 in a first vertical relationship 1238-1 according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 13B illustrates jaws 1336-1, 1336-2 in a second vertical relationship 1338-2 according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, an appliance (e.g., including a number of bite adjustment structures) worn over the upper jaw 1336-1 can be designed to adjust a vertical relationship 1338-1, 1338-2 between the upper jaw 1336-1 and the lower jaw 1336-2. As illustrated in FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B this adjustment of the vertical relationship 1338-1, 1338-2 can help correct for a deep bite to improve an appearance of the user's teeth and to reduce problems associated with a deep bite condition, as described herein. Embodiments are not limited to adjusting the position of the lower jaw 1336-2 with respect to the upper jaw 1336-1, as the position of either or both of the upper jaw 1336-1 and lower jaw 1336-2 can be adjusted. Furthermore, the adjustment can be performed by an appliance worn over the upper jaw 1336-1 and/or an appliance worn over the lower jaw 1336-2 (e.g., by contact of a number of bite tabs on a number of appliances with a number of teeth on an opposing jaw).

FIG. 14 illustrates a correction for overbite 1440 and overjet 1442 according to a number of embodiments of the present disclosure. Overbite 1440 can refer to the extent of vertical (superior-inferior) overlap of the maxillary central incisors 1404-1 over the mandibular central incisors 1404-2, measured relative to the incisal ridges. Overjet 1442 can be the distance between the maxillary anterior teeth 1404-1 and the mandibular anterior teeth 1404-2 in the anterior-posterior axis. As illustrated in FIG. 14 , the maxillary tooth 1404-1 can be adjusted from a first position 1404-1A to a second position 1404-1B and/or the mandibular tooth 1404-2 can be adjusted from a first position 1404-2A to a second position 1404-2B.

A number of appliances in a series of appliances created as part of a treatment plan can perform different functions. Some of the functions performed by different appliances in the series may overlap and some may be unique to a particular appliance. By way of example, a first appliance can include a first number of bite adjustment structures designed to provide a disocclusion for a number of teeth of a first jaw and/or a second jaw to help correct for at least one of overjet 1442 and overbite 1440. A second appliance can include a second number of bite adjustment structures designed to provide a disocclusion for the number of teeth of the first jaw and/or the second jaw to correct for at least one of overjet 1442 and overbite 1440. In this example, the first appliance can correct for either or both of overjet 1442 and overbite 1440 and the second appliance can correct for either or both of overjet 1442 and overbite 1440. Correction for overbite and/or overjet can include adjustments to the position of various teeth and or relative positioning of the jaws by the appliances (e.g., including adjustments affected by the number of bite adjustment structures, as described herein). Such adjustments can include intrusion, rotation, inclination, and/or disocclusion, among others.

Computing System for Virtual Modeling

FIG. 15 illustrates a computing system for alternative specific bite adjustment structures according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. In the system illustrated in FIG. 15 , the system includes a computing device 1544 having a number of components coupled thereto. The computing device 1544 includes a processor 1546 and memory 1548. The memory can include various types of information including data 1550 and executable instructions 1552 as discussed herein.

Memory and/or the processor may be located on the computing device 1544 or off the device in some embodiments. As such, as illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 15 , a system can include a network interface 1554. Such an interface can allow for processing on another networked computing device or such devices can be used to obtain information about the patient or executable instructions for use with various embodiments provided herein.

As illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 15 , a system can include one or more input and/or output interfaces 1556. Such interfaces can be used to connect the computing device with one or more input or output devices.

For example, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15 , the system includes connectivity to a scanning device 1558, a camera dock 1560, an input device 1562 (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, etc.), a display device 1564 (e.g., a monitor), and a printer 1566. The processor 1546 can be configured to provide a visual indication of a virtual model 1574 on the display 1564 (e.g., on a GUI running on the processor 1546 and visible on the display 1564). The input/output interface 1556 can receive data, storable in the data storage device (e.g., memory 1548), representing the virtual model 1574 (e.g., corresponding to the patient's upper jaw and the patient's lower jaw).

In some embodiments, the scanning device 1558 can be configured to scan a physical mold of a patient's upper jaw and a physical mold of a patient's lower jaw. In one or more embodiments, the scanning device 1558 can be configured to scan the patient's upper and/or lower jaws directly (e.g., intraorally).

The camera dock 1560 can receive an input from an imaging device (e.g., a 2D imaging device) such as a virtual camera or a printed photograph scanner. The input from the imaging device can be stored in the data storage device 1548.

Such connectivity can allow for the input and/or output of virtual model 1574 information or instructions (e.g., input via keyboard) among other types of information. Although some embodiments may be distributed among various computing devices within one or more networks, such systems as illustrated in FIG. 15 can be beneficial in allowing for the capture, calculation, and/or analysis of information discussed herein.

The processor 1546, in association with the data storage device 1548, can be associated with data and/or application modules 1568. The processor 1546, in association with the data storage device 1548, can store and/or utilize data and/or execute instructions to provide a number of application modules for alternative bite adjustment structures.

Such data can include the virtual model 1574 described herein (e.g., including a first jaw, a second jaw, a number of appliances, etc.). Such application modules can include an adjustment module 1570, a force calculation module 1572, a position bite adjustment structures module 1576, a treatment plan module 1578, and/or an ineffective positioning detection module 1580.

The position bite adjustment structures module 1576 can be configured to position a number of bite adjustment structures on a corresponding number of virtual teeth (e.g., canine teeth) of the virtual model 1574 of a jaw at a first stage of a treatment plan. The position module 1576 can be configured to incorporate a result of forces modeled by the force calculation module 1572 (e.g., forces used to reposition the corresponding number of virtual teeth a first distance according to a first stage of the treatment plan).

The ineffective positioning detection module 1580 can be configured to determine whether a determine whether a first number of virtual bite adjustment structures positioned on the lingual surface of a corresponding number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a first jaw result in ineffective positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the first jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a second jaw of the virtual model. The ineffective position detection module 1580 can be configured to determine what one or more factors of a number of factors indicate the ineffective positioning if there is ineffective positioning or orientation. Ineffective positioning or orientation can be the positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the first jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a second jaw of the virtual that results in the misalignment of the patient's teeth. For example, ineffective positioning or orientation can result in a malocclusion (e.g., overjet, deepbite, crossbite, etc.).

The adjustment module 1570 can be configured to adjust the position of the number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model 1574 of the first jaw based on the one or more factors that indicate the ineffective positioning. As discussed above, factors that indicate ineffective positioning include the incisors are crooked or tipped with respect to the teeth of the opposing jaw, the distance between the proposed position of the bite adjustment structure and the teeth of the opposing jaw is too great, among other factors. The adjustment module 1570 can be configured to adjust the position of the number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model 1574 of the jaw at a second stage of the treatment plan according to changes to the virtual model 1574 of the jaw between the first stage and the second stage of the treatment plan. The adjustment module 1570 can be configured to adjust the position of the number of virtual bite adjustment structures by changing a shape (e.g., size, a number of angles, etc.) and/or an affixing location of the number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the jaw. The adjustment module 1570 can be configured to adjust a shape of the virtual model 1574 of the jaw at the first stage of the treatment plan such that the corresponding one of the appliances formed thereover distributes a counterforce corresponding to the force modeled by the force calculation module 1572 to a number of posterior teeth of the user's jaw. The adjustment module 1570 can be configured to incorporate a result of forces modeled by the force calculation module 1572 (e.g., forces used to reposition the corresponding number of virtual teeth a second distance according to a second stage of the treatment plan).

The force calculation module 1572 can be configured to model an inherent force applied to the number of bite adjustment structures by a user wearing a corresponding one of the appliances during the first stage of the treatment plan. The treatment plan module 1578 can be configured to create, edit, delete, revise, or otherwise modify the treatment plan (e.g., based at least in part on operation of other application modules 1568).

The virtual model 1574 can be provided (e.g., via network interface 1554) to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the jaw for formation of an appliance thereover such that the appliance inherits a shape of the number of virtual bite adjustment structures. The virtual model 1574 can be provided (e.g., via network interface 1554) to a fabrication device for fabrication of physical models corresponding to the jaw at the first and the second stages of the treatment plan for formation of appliances thereover such that the appliances inherit a shape of the number of virtual bite adjustment structures.

Method of Forming a Dental Appliance Including a Bite Adjustment Structure

FIG. 16 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1600 of forming a dental appliance according to some implementations. The method 1600 may include more or less operations than those explicitly shown in FIG. 16 . Some or all operations of the method may be executed by the computing system illustrated in FIG. 15 and/or other structures shown in FIG. 15 . The method 1600 may be used to form a dental appliance including a bite adjustment structure. At an operation 1682, a first number of virtual bite adjustment structures positioned on a lingual surface of a corresponding number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a first jaw may be determined to result in ineffective positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the first jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a second jaw of the virtual model.

At an operation 1684, if there is ineffective positioning or orientation, what one or more factors of a number of factors may be determined that indicate the ineffective positioning. At operation 1686, the position of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures may be adjusted on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the first jaw based on the one or more factors that indicate the ineffective positioning. At an operation 1688, a second number of virtual bite adjustment structures may be positioned on a number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of a second jaw, extending therefrom and designed to make contact with the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures.

At an operation 1690 the virtual model of the first jaw may be provided to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the first jaw for formation of a first appliance thereover such that the first appliance inherits a shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures. At an operation 1692, the virtual model of the second jaw may be provided to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the second jaw for formation of a second appliance thereover such that the second appliance inherits a shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures. The shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures and the shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures may provide the same interference on the left side and the right side of the first and second jaw resulting in disocclusion between the first jaw and the second jaw. Alternatively, the shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures and the shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures provide different interference on the left side and the right side of the first and second jaw to adjust jaw positioning.

The figures herein follow a numbering convention in which the first digit or digits correspond to the drawing figure number and the remaining digits identify an element or component in the drawing. Similar elements or components between different figures may be identified by the use of similar digits. For example, 106 may reference element “06” in FIG. 1 , and a similar element may be referenced as 606 in FIG. 6 .

As will be appreciated, elements shown in the various embodiments herein can be added, exchanged, and/or eliminated so as to provide a number of additional embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, as will be appreciated, the proportion and the relative scale of the elements provided in the figures are intended to illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention, and should not be taken in a limiting sense.

Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same techniques can be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of various embodiments of the disclosure.

It is to be understood that the use of the terms “a”, “an”, “one or more”, “a number of”, or “at least one” are all to be interpreted as meaning one or more of an item is present. Additionally, it is to be understood that the above description has been made in an illustrative fashion, and not a restrictive one. Combination of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “on,” “connected to” or “coupled with” another element, it can be directly on, connected, or coupled with the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to” or “directly coupled with” another element, there are no intervening elements or layers present. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements and that these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. Thus, a first element could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

The scope of the various embodiments of the disclosure includes any other applications in which the above structures and methods are used. Therefore, the scope of various embodiments of the disclosure should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

In the foregoing Detailed Description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the disclosure require more features than are expressly recited in each claim.

Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A non-transitory computing device readable medium having instructions stored thereon that are executable by a processor to cause a computing device to: determine whether a first number of virtual bite adjustment structures positioned on a surface of a corresponding number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a first jaw result in ineffective positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the first jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a second jaw of the virtual model; wherein, if there is ineffective positioning or orientation, determine what one or more factors of a number of factors indicate the ineffective positioning, then: adjust at least one of the position or orientation of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the first jaw based on the one or more factors that indicate the ineffective positioning or orientation; and provide the adjusted virtual model of the first jaw to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the first jaw for formation of a first appliance thereover such that the first appliance inherits a shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures.
 2. The medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions to adjust the position of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures comprise instructions to change a shape and an affixing location of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the first jaw.
 3. The medium of claim 1, further including instructions to position the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of canine teeth of the virtual model of the first jaw.
 4. The medium of claim 1, further including instructions to: position a second number of virtual bite adjustment structures on a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of the second jaw according to the determination that there is ineffective alignment between the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the first virtual model of the first jaw and the number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the second jaw; and provide the second virtual model of the second jaw to the fabrication device for fabrication of physical model corresponding to the second jaw for formation of a second appliance thereover such that the second appliance inherits a shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures.
 5. The medium of claim 1, further including instructions to: adjust the position of the number of first virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the first jaw at a second stage of a treatment plan that is incremented in stages according to changes to the virtual model of the first jaw between a first stage of the treatment plan and the second stage of the treatment plan; and provide the virtual model of the first jaw to the fabrication device for fabrication of physical model corresponding to the first jaw at the first and the second stages of the treatment plan for formation of a first appliance from the first stage and a second appliance from the second stage such that the first appliance inherits a shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures.
 6. The medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions to position the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures incorporate a result of instructions to model a first number of forces used to reposition the corresponding number of virtual teeth a first distance according to a first stage of a treatment plan that is incremented in stages.
 7. A method, comprising: determining whether a first number of virtual bite adjustment structures positioned on a lingual surface of a corresponding number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a first jaw result in ineffective positioning or orientation between the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the first jaw and a number of virtual teeth of a virtual model of a second jaw of the virtual model; wherein, if there is ineffective positioning or orientation, determining what one or more factors of a number of factors that indicate the ineffective positioning, then: adjusting at least one of the position or orientation of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures on the corresponding number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of the first jaw based on the one or more factors that indicate the ineffective positioning or orientation; positioning a second number of virtual bite adjustment structures on a number of virtual teeth of the virtual model of a second jaw, extending therefrom and designed to make contact with the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures; providing the adjusted virtual model of the first jaw to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the first jaw for formation of a first appliance thereover such that the first appliance inherits a shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures; and providing the virtual model of the second jaw to a fabrication device for fabrication of a physical model corresponding to the second jaw for formation of a second appliance thereover such that the second appliance inherits a shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures and the shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures provide the same interference on the left side and the right side of the first and second jaw resulting in disocclusion between the first jaw and the second jaw.
 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the shape of the first number of virtual bite adjustment structures and the shape of the second number of virtual bite adjustment structures provide different interference on the left side and the right side of the first and second jaw to adjust jaw positioning. 